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    <title>Igor Kurchatov</title>
    <id>222567</id>
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       <timestamp>2007-05-15T09:34:39Z</timestamp>
         <contributor>
       <ip>212.192.96.9</ip>
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          <section depth="1" title="Life and career">
          <p>
            <a href="image:kurchatov.jpg">thumb|right|Igor Kurchatov</a> <b>Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov</b> 
            (<a href="January 12">January 12</a>, <a href="1903">1903</a> &ndash; <a href="February 7">February 7</a>,
            <a href="1960">1960</a>) was a <a href="Soviet Union">Soviet</a>/<a href="Russia">Russian</a> physicist.
            He was the leader of the <a href="Soviet atomic bomb project">Soviet atomic bomb project</a>. 
            Kurchatov was born in <i>Simsky zavod</i>, <a href="Ufa">Ufa</a> <a href="Guberniya">Guberniya</a>  
            (now city of <i>Sim</i>, <a href="Chelyabinsk Oblast">Chelyabinsk Oblast</a>). After completing 
            <a href="Simferopol gymnasium 1"> Simferopol gymnasium 1</a> he studied <a href="physics">physics</a> 
            at Crimea State University and ship building at the <a href="Saint Petersburg Polytechnical University">
            Polytechnical Institute</a> in <a href="Petrograd">Petrograd</a>. In <a href="1925">1925</a> he moved to the 
            <a href="Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute">Physico-Technical Institute</a>, where he worked (under <a href="Abram
            Fedorovich Ioffe">Abram Fedorovich Ioffe</a>) on various problems connected with <a href="radioactivity">
            radioactivity</a>.In <a href="1932">1932</a> he received funding for his own nuclear science research team, 
            which built the Soviet Union's first <a href="cyclotron">cyclotron</a> (<a href="September 21">September 21</a>, 
            <a href="1939">1939</a>).
          </p>
          <p>
            Igor Kurchatov and his apprentice <a href="Georgy Flyorov">Georgy Flyorov</a> discovered the basic ideas of the 
            uranium chain reaction and the nuclear reactor concept in the 1930's. In 1942 Kurchatov declared: "At breaking up
            of kernels in a kilogram of uranium, the energy released must be equal to the explosion of 20,000 tons of trotyl." 
            This announcement was practically verified during the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.</p>
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          </section>
          <section depth="1" title="External links">
            <links>
              <link href="http://www.kiae.ru/">Kurchatov institute</link>
              <link href="http://www.cultinfo.ru/fulltext/1/001/008/067/772.htm">
                 Biography of Igor Kurchatov (in Russian)
              </link>
            </links>
          </section>
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       <catlinks>
         <catlink href="Category:Russian physicists"/>
         <catlink href="Category:Soviet physicists"/>
         <catlink href="Category:Nuclear physicists"/>
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